Ferromagnetic cores are materials composed of ferromagnetic elements such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, which have spontaneous magnetization properties. Ferromagnetic cores are widely used in electronic devices such as coils and transformers to increase the magnetic induction strength of electromagnets. Common ferromagnetic core materials include manganese-zinc ferrite and nickel-zinc ferrite, characterized by high magnetic permeability, high magnetic flux density, and low loss. Manganese-zinc ferrite is suitable for high-frequency applications, while nickel-zinc ferrite is appropriate for situations requiring extremely high impedance.
The principle of ferromagnetic cores mainly involves the magnetization process of ferromagnetic materials. Inside ferromagnetic materials, there are numerous spontaneously magnetized regions called "magnetic domains." These domains have different internal magnetic field directions when unaffected by an external magnetic field, hence showing no overall magnetism. When ferromagnetic materials are exposed to an external magnetic field, these magnetic domains tend to align according to the direction of the external magnetic field, thus enhancing the effect of the external magnetic field. This process is known as magnetization.
During the magnetization process, the core can increase the magnetic field strength produced by the inductive coil, thereby increasing the inductance value. This is because the magnetic domains in the core align in an orderly fashion under the influence of the external magnetic field, generating a magnetic field in the same direction as the original one, significantly enhancing the overall magnetic field strength. This enhanced magnetic field strength can be quantified by magnetic permeability; the higher the permeability, the greater the magnetic induction intensity in the ferromagnetic medium.
However, when the current increases to a certain value, all the magnetic domains in the core are already aligned, and further increasing the current will not significantly enhance the magnetic field. At this point, the inductance reaches saturation, and the inductance value no longer increases with the current but starts to decrease. This phenomenon is known as inductance saturation, and the saturation current typically corresponds to the current value when the inductance value drops by 30% relative to its initial value.
In summary, the principle of ferromagnetic cores is to enhance the magnetic field by utilizing the orderly alignment of magnetic domains within ferromagnetic materials, thereby increasing the inductance value and influencing the current in the circuit. However, when the current reaches a certain level, the ferromagnetic core reaches a saturation state, reducing its ability to enhance the magnetic field and affecting the performance of the inductance.
Magnetic Cube's ferromagnetic cores are designed to meet customers' personalized needs, providing customized solutions to ensure their efficient application in industries such as power, communication, and automotive. Whether it's reducing electromagnetic interference, improving power conversion efficiency, or enhancing the performance of motor drive systems, Magnetic Cube's ferromagnetic cores deliver excellent performance, aiding various devices in achieving higher reliability and stronger performance.
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